<p>The study aimed to identify the differences in social cognition through a comparative cross-sectional method, using a battery to evaluate social cognition adapted for Colombia and Mexico. There was a sample of 92 volunteers (asymptomatic, deprived of liberty, and with a clinical diagnosis). In the comparisons made, significant differences were found between the groups, with moderate and small effect sizes. It was concluded that given the differences in social cognition of the highest asymptomatic group concerning those deprived of liberty and clinicians. The hypothesis about deficits in emotion recognition, empathy, judgment, social knowledge, attributional styles, and self-knowledge in these vulnerable populations was corroborated.</p>