<p>The objective of the following research was to analyze and compare the relationships that exist between machismo, social vulnerability and parenting styles in Argentina and Peru. A sample of 389 primary caregivers of boys, girls and adolescents aged 4 to 16 years (<em>M.age</em>= 9.33, <em>SD</em>= 4.66, female= 196), from different regions of both countries were assessed. The subscale of Machismo of the Multiphasic Evaluation of Cultures (MACC-SF) and the Scale of Parent-Infant Relations were used. The results show that in both samples the levels of machismo are relatively low. The Argentine sample presented lower levels of machismo and more positive parenting habits compared to that of Peru. In turn, it is shown that there is a negative association between machismo and parenting styles in both samples, with greater intensity in two dimensions; satisfaction in parenting and discipline. Finally, social vulnerability was positively associated with machismo and negatively with parenting styles. It is concluded that machismo beliefs are associated with lower socioeconomic status and more authoritarian and inflexible parenting styles, and that Peru demonstrates higher levels due to its multiple traditions and conservatism of cultural legacy.</p>